Cleaning sofas or chairs without checking the manufacturer’s codes is a costly mistake. A wrong mix of cleaning solution or method can weaken the fabric, split the seams, or warp the cushion backing. Understanding upholstery cleaning codes helps you pick the safest method and ensures this doesn’t happen.
This guide will simplify the furniture cleaning codes for you. You’ll learn how to interpret each code and take the best action without causing fabric damage. We have also highlighted some common mistakes to avoid to ensure thorough results.
What Are Upholstery Cleaning Codes and Why Do They Matter?
The tags on furniture fabric with different letters on them are upholstery cleaning codes. Each of these codes shows which cleaning agents are safe to use on the fabric. They are crucial as they indicate the right method without risking shrinkage, color bleeding, or permanent ring formation.
Manufacturers place these codes directly onto the care tag, tucked under seat cushions or fixed to the bottom of the frame. W, S, WS, and X are the upholstery cleaning codes standardized by the Joint Industry Fabric Standards and Guidelines Committee.
Upholstery Cleaning Codes W, S, WS, X: Explanation and Tips to Clean
Each code indicates how the material is to be cleaned. The American Home Furnishings Alliance revises the Joint Industry Fabric Standards and Guidelines Committee for proper fabric care.
Let’s have a closer look and understand what these cleaning codes on tags mean:
- Upholstery Code W: Upholstery is safe to clean with water-based solutions.
- Upholstery Code S: Requires solvent-based cleaners only. Water or steam can damage the upholstery fabric.
- Upholstery Code W/S: This code suggests flexibility. You can use either water-based or solvent cleaners depending on the fabric condition.
- Upholstery Code X: If fabric is marked with this code, no liquid solutions are to be used for cleaning. Consider vacuuming or gentle brushing to maintain the fabric.
Now that you know what each code means, the next step is understanding how to clean upholstery based on each one. Does it require a different approach? Let’s find out.
1. Code W
- Blot immediately with a clean white cloth to absorb the spill.
- Mix mild dish soap with slightly warm water to create a gentle solution.
- Lightly wipe the spot using the solution. Do not oversaturate.
- Rinse by blotting with clean water to remove soap residue.
- Blot again and allow the fabric to air dry completely.
- Restore pile texture using a soft-bristle brush.
Key Note: Do not remove cushion covers for dry cleaning. Separate washing could shrink or distort them, making them too tight to fit.
2. Code S
- Blot quickly with a clean white cloth.
- Apply a small amount of dry-cleaning solvent to the cloth.
- Dab gently on the spot, working from the outside in.
- Allow to air dry fully before use. Repeat steps if needed.
Key Note: Never use water, steam, or foam cleaners.
3. Code WS
- Blot the fabric with a clean cloth.
- Apply upholstery shampoo (water-based) or a dry-cleaning solvent.
- Dab gently without soaking the fabric.
- Use a soft-bristle brush to restore pile texture.
- Avoid hot water extraction or steam cleaning.
- Vacuum regularly or brush lightly to prevent dust buildup.
- Dry thoroughly.
Key Note: Don’t remove cushion covers for dry cleaning (same as “W”).
4. Code X
- Use a soft brush to loosen dust and debris.
- Vacuum regularly with an upholstery attachment.
Key Note: Never apply water, detergent, or solvent on upholstery fabric marked X.
Things to Avoid While Cleaning Upholstery
As you can see, the cleaning approach doesn’t need any major change. You just need to keep in mind some things to avoid for certain fabric codes. Here’s what our technicians believe you must remember when cleaning your upholstery:
- No forceful rubbing. It frays upholstery fabric and pushes stains deeper.
- Always test your solution near a hidden area to check for discoloration.
- Never use a colored cloth to blot. A dye bleed could alter fabric shade, and if it gets deeper, it’s difficult to remove.
- Avoid mixing random solutions. It could damage the fabric.
You may find these tips helpful: Remove pet hair and odor from upholstery
When to Call Professionals
The sofa cleaning codes or any other upholstery codes are simple to understand. If the label says “X”, it’s a clear sign to call an upholstery cleaning specialist. The reason is simple: you can’t use water- or solvent-based cleaners.
However, this doesn’t imply that “W”, “WS”, or “S” code upholstery doesn’t require expert intervention.
Here are some signs that show when you may have to call in pros for help:
- Deep set-in stains
- Lingering odors
- Delicate fabrics (wool, silk, or linen)
- Reappearing stains
Stop Worrying About Codes, Let Professionals Clean Your Upholstery
Understanding upholstery cleaning codes helps you clean better and improve fabric longevity. Not following them may cause issues such as shrinking, fabric damage, or distortion. It’s also possible that you don’t get the desired results even after repeated DIY attempts. Not to forget, certain instances will demand specialists, especially if the tag shows an “X” code.
At California Steam Team, we have an IICRC-certified upholstery cleaning team that understands these fabric codes well. The team inspects your sofas and chairs to determine the best cleaning method. Using advanced methods, eco-friendly solutions, and steam cleaning (if needed), we restore your upholstery to a clean, refreshed condition.
Stop getting confused with the codes and book our session now.
FAQs
Q. What should I do if my couch doesn’t have a cleaning code?
If your couch doesn’t have a cleaning code, you should reach out to the manufacturer. They will share the code and even guide you on the cleaning method to use. However, if you still fail to get the details, test solutions near the hidden area and then proceed.
Q. What does fabric cleaning code D mean?
Fabric cleaning code D means “Dry Clean Only.” Any upholstery with this tag should be cleaned using professional dry-cleaning methods or water-free solvents. Using water or detergent solutions will cause fabric shrinkage, form water rings, or fibre distortion.
Q. Which upholstery needs professional cleaning even if the tag doesn’t specify code “X”?
Delicate fibres such as silk, linen, rayon, velvet, or complex multi-layer weaves need expert care. These materials can shrink, deform, or show water rings. So, even if the tag or sticker shows a W or WS code, professional cleaning is a better and safer choice.
Q. How does my upholstery fabric warranty get nullified?
Your upholstery fabric warranty may get canceled if you ignore the cleaning codes or use methods not approved by the manufacturer. For instance, removing covers even when the code says no, over-wetting fabric, using steam cleaning, or applying harsh solutions can shrink, distort, or damage fibres, nullifying warranties.
